Evaluating the Influence of Foreign Exchange Policy Regime on the Construction Sector in Nigeria

Abstract

In developing economies, foreign exchange policy regime (FEPR) play a critical role in the viability of all sectors of the economy. In Nigeria, the economy is dependent on foreign inputs from contracting services, technology, materials, expatriates, etc. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of FEPR on the performance of the construction sector in Nigeria. To achieve this goal, time series data was extracted from United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) on the construction sector, gross domestic product (GDP) and FEPR for 50 years spanning from 1970 to 2019. The study uses econometric approach including tests of stationarity and co-integration as well as the generalized method of moment (GMM) to model the relationships between the variables. The study reveals that the 1986 FEPR reform had significant and negative effect on the construction sector output in Nigeria. This implies that the performance of the construction sector is affected by the state of the economy and government policy. This study proves that the foreign exchange policy regime does not significantly influence the construction industry during the period of review. It also ascertained that the development of the construction sector depends more on previous construction outputs and only altered due to oil export shock. Hence, this study recommends that sustainable construction development strategies should be implemented to eliminate construction sector challenges and reduce the effect of foreign exchange rate volatility on the construction sector. Finally, monetary and fiscal policies that can engender sustainable growth and development of the construction sector should be implemented.